General Motors started keeping Body Style Codes for their Vehicles in 1946. The codes were Alphabetic Things were simple in the beginning. Only four letters were needed.
GM created many new and different Body Styles, due to this, the codes grew and changed over time, making it difficult to identify Gm Body Styles. From the years 1946 – 1960, the styles were broken down to A, B, C, and D.
From 1961 – 1965, the codes increased to 7 Styles in this period and were the following letters, A, B, C, D, E, X, and Y. Now a Buick Special was an “A Body”, not a “B” Body as in 1946 – 1960.
From 1966 – 1970 there were still 7 codes but the letters had changed, they were as follows; A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and X. In 1971 – 1975 the letters H and K were added. “K” was the Cadillac Seville.
1976 – 1980 Along came the Chevy Chevette and the letter ” T”.. From 1981 – 1985 the letters J, K, N, R, S, and T, were added.

Below are the Charts with the breakdown by year.

1946-1960 Body Codes

A-Body

Chevrolet: 150, 210, Bel Air, Del Ray, Biscayne, Impala, El CaminoPontiac: Chieftain (all models), Star Chief (all models), Super Chief, Bonneville, Catalina, Ventura

B-Body

Buick: Special, Century, LeSabre, InvictaOldsmobile: Eighty-Eight (all models), Ninety-Eight, Starfire Ninety-Eight

C-Body

Buick: Super, Roadmaster, Limited, Electra/Electra,225Cadillac: Series 60 Special Fleetwood, Series 62, Eldorado (all models), Deville

D-Body

Cadillac: Series 75 Fleetwood, Series 6700 Fleetwood 75

1961-1965 Body Codes

A-Body

Buick: Special, Skylark, Sportwagon (1964-65 all models) Chevrolet: Chevelle- (all models), Malibu/Malibu SS, El Camino Oldsmobile: F-85/Cutlass (1964-65 all models), Vista CruiserPontiac: Tempest, LeMans, GTO (1964-65 all models)

B-Body

Buick: LeSabre, 1965 LeSabre Custom, Invicta, 1962-65 Wildcat (all models) Chevrolet: Biscayne, Bel Air, Impala/Impala SS Oldsmobile: Eighty-Eight (all models), Starfire, Jetstar Pontiac: Catalina, Star Chief, Bonneville, Ventura, Grand Prix

C-Body

Buick: Electra/Electra 225Cadillac: Series 60 Special, Fleetwood/Fleetwood 60 Special, Deville, Calais, Eldorado, Series 6200 Oldsmobile: Ninety-Eight (all models)

D-Body

Cadillac: Fleetwood 75/Series 6700 Fleetwood 75

E-Body

Buick: Riviera

X-Body

Chevrolet: Chevy II (all models), Nova/Nova SS

Y-Body

Buick: Special (1961-63 all models), Skylark (1962-63), Oldsmobile: F-85 (1961-63 all models), Jetfire (1962-63), Pontiac: Tempest/LeMans (1961-63 all models)

1966-1970 Body Codes

A-Body,

Buick: Special, Skylark, Sportwagon (all models), Chevrolet: Chevelle (all models), Malibu/Malibu SS, El Camino, Oldsmobile: F-85 and Cutlass (all models), Vista Cruiser, Pontiac: Tempest, LeMans, GTO (all models)

B-Body

Buick: LeSabre, Wildcat (all models), Chevrolet: Biscayne, Bel Air, Impala/Impala SS, Caprice, Oldsmobile: Eighty-Eight (all models), Starfire, Jetstarm, Pontiac: Catalina, Star Chief Executive, Bonneville, 1966-68 Grand Prix

C-Body

Buick: Electra/Electra 225, Cadillac: Fleetwood/Fleetwood 60 Special, Deville, Calais, Oldsmobile: Ninety-Eight (all models),

D-Body

Cadillac: Fleetwood 75

E-Body

Buick: Riviera, Cadillac: Eldorado, Oldsmobile: Toronado,F-Body,Chevrolet: Camaro, Pontiac: Firebird,

G-Body

Chevrolet: Monte Carlo, Pontiac: 1969-70 Grand Prix,X-Body,Chevrolet: Chevy II (all models), Nova/Nova SS

1971-1975 Body Codes

A-Body
Buick: Skylark and Century (all models), Regal, Sportwagon, Chevrolet: Chevelle, Malibu, Laguna (all models), Monte Carlo, Odsmobile: F-85 and Cutlass (all models), Pontiac: Tempest, LeMans, Grand Am (all models), 1971-72 GTO, Grand Prix

B-Body

Buick: LeSabre and Centurion (all models), Chevrolet: Biscayne, Bel Air, Impala, Caprice, Oldsmobile: Delta Eighty-Eight (all models), Pontiac: Catalina, Bonneville, Grand Ville (all models)

C-Body

Buick: Electra 225 (all models), Cdillac: Fleetwood Brougham, Deville, Calais, Odsmobile: Ninety-Eight (all models),

D-Body

Cadillac: Fleetwood 75

E-Body

Buick: Riviera, Cdillac: Eldorado, Olsmobile: Toronado,

F-Body

Chevrolet: Camaro (all models), Potiac: Firebird (all models)

H-Body

Buick: Skyhawk,Chevrolet: Vega, Monza,Oldsmobile: Starfire,,Pontiac: Astre,K-Body,Cadillac: Seville

X-Body

Chevrolet: Nova

1976-1980 Body Codes

A-Body,

Buick: Century (1976-77 all models), Regal,Chevrolet: Malibu and Laguna (all models), Monte Carlo,Oldsmobile: Cutlass (all models),Pontiac: LeMans and Grand Am (all models), Grand Prix,

B-Body

Buick: LeSabre (all models), 1977-78 Riviera,Chevrolet: Impala, Caprice,Oldsmobile: Delta Eighty-Eight (all models),Pontiac: Catalina, Bonneville, Grand Ville (all models)

C-Body

Buick: Electra 225 (all models),Cadillac: Fleetwood Brougham, Deville, Calais,Oldsmobile: Ninety-Eight (all models),

D-Body,

Cadillac: 1976 Fleetwood 75, 1977-80 Fleetwood Limousine,

E-Body

Buick: Riviera (1976 RWD, 1979-80 FWD),Cadillac: Eldorado,Oldsmobile: Toronado,

F-Body

Chevrolet: Camaro (all models),Pontiac: Firebird (all models)

H-Body

Buick: Skyhawk,Chevrolet: Vega, Monza,,Oldsmobile: StarfirePontiac: Astre, Sunbird,

K-Body

Cadillac: Seville (1976-79 RWD, 1980 FWD),

T-Body

Chevrolet: Chevette

X-Body

Buick: Skylark (1976-79 RWD, 1980 FWD all models),Chevrolet: Nova (1976-79), Citation (1980),Oldsmobile: Omega (1976-79 RWD, 1980 FWD),Pontiac: Ventura (1976-77), Phoenix (1977-79 RWD, 1980 FWD),

1981-1985 Body Codes

A-Body

Buick: 1981 Century and Regal,Chevrolet: 1981 Malibu, El Camino, Monte Carlo, 1982-85 Celebrity,Oldsmobile: 1981 Cutlass (all models), 1982-85 Ciera,Pontiac: LeMans (all models), 1981 Grand Prix

B-Body,

Buick: LeSabre (all models),Chevrolet: Impala, Caprice Classic,Oldsmobile: Delta,Eighty-Eight (all models),Pontiac: 1981 Catalina, Bonneville, Grand Safari, 1982-85,arisenne

C-Body

Buick: Electra (all models),Cadillac: Fleetwood/Fleetwood Brougham and Deville (all models to 1983), 1985 Fleetwood Limousine,Oldsmobile: Ninety-Eight (all models)

D-Body

Cadillac: 1984-85 Deville and Fleetwood Brougham, 1981-84 Fleetwood Limousine,

E-Body

Buick: Riviera,Cadillac: Eldorado,Oldsmobile: Toronado,

F-Body

Chevrolet: Camaro (all models),Pontiac: Firebird (all models),

G-Body (1982-85)

Buick: Regal,Chevrolet: Malibu, El Camino, Monte Carlo,Oldsmobile: Cutlass,Pontiac: Bonneville, Grand Prix

J-Body

Buick: Skyhawk,Cadillac: Cimarron,Chevrolet: Cavalier,Oldsmobile: Firenza,Pontiac: J2000, Sunbird

K-Body

Cadillac: Seville

N-Body (1985)

Buick: Somerset/Somerset Regal,,Oldsmobile: Calais/Calais Supreme,Pontiac: Grand Am

R-Body

Chevrolet: Spectrum,

S-Body (1985)

Chevrolet: Nova

T-Body

Chevrolet: Camaro,Pontiac: T-1000

X-Body

Buick: Skylark,Chevrolet: Citation,Oldsmobile: Omega through 1984,Pontiac: Phoenix through 1984

1946-1985 Charts

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My 1970 Pontiac Catalina 400

Smoke smell in vehicle…how you can eliminate it?

My father died and left us a 06 Toyota Tacoma Truck…it’s nice very reliable, but he smoked ( That is what wiped out him ) and that i hate the stale stink. It is possible to method to eliminate that myself or must i go to 1 of individuals detail places and merely have it washed? Thx.

Smoke needs to virtually “put on” out with time. You are able to mask the smell with air fresheners to assist cover the smell. Drive using the home windows lower whenever possible. When it is parked. leave the home windows open if you’re able to.

My tire keeps losing air pressure, are you aware what is wrong by using it?

I drive an ’06 Toyota Tacoma… I keep your PSI at about 50 for that tires, but one of these manages to lose pressure and will get lower to under 30 every 3 days approximately. In the beginning I believed it was only the cooler temperature, and that i don’t believe it is a hole. How do i have it fixed? Just how much should it cost to repair it? Must I have it changed?

is dependent…Just how much would you like to spend, and just how worried are you currently?

either it is a bad valve stem, a poor bead seal, or perhaps a hole inside your tire…

your choices are

A.)cope with it, and re-filling

B.)go to some professional tire shop and also have it patched(I reccomend this method)

C.)purchase a new tire

D.)purchase a can of “fix a setInch to plug the opening…

Detroit Trucks Purchasers: If your Little Pickup Could, Can You Purchase One?   by Mi Auto Occasions

Through the years Detroit trucks have given consumers’ and automakers’ have extremely moved from small pick-ups to some market where full-sized rules. But can there be room for downsizing, as Chevrolet is gambling up with its new Colorado?
DETROIT, M.I. – Detroit trucks customers and individuals nationwide might have a good amount of options if this involves which kind of full-sized pickup they need, however for individuals who would like a more compact model, the choices dwindle rapidly.
Chrysler’s Dodge Dakota is no more being created, and it is thought the Next Year and Honda Ridgeline will quickly join the Dakota as both models won’t get any design changes or updates using their particular car manufacturers.
One car maker, however, is bucking the popularity, possibly wishing to take a few share of the market in the Toyota Tacoma and profit from loyal pickup proprietors hunting used truck advertisements for more compact or midsized pick-ups missing from present day market. Where others seem to abandoning their midsize pick-ups, Vehicle might be breathing existence in to the Detroit trucks and also the market having a more recent, more compact and perhaps diesel version from the next-generation Chevrolet Colorado.
In the latest column, Mark Phelan from the Detroit Free Press creates about GM’s restored curiosity about a more compact midsized pickup, even while, in Phelan’s words, “Car manufacturers are running the segment just like a burning building.”
Yet if done correctly, GM stands an opportunity of succeeding. Because of poor people economy and average fuel prices still hanging over the $3-a-gallon mark, Detroit trucks can provide customers an alternate hauler that’s fuel efficient without a lot muscle or features.
Knowing in the comments made on Phelan’s article, it appears like there is a fighting opportunity for a brand new version from the Chevrolet Colorado if GM will it right. Numerous comments appeared tolerant of the Colorado’s outlook as lengthy because it would achieve near 30 mpg and could be offered using the bare necessities. Still, it remains a difficult sell as midsize pick-ups represent just a little over 2 percent in sales and therefore are centered by the prosperity of their full-sized alternatives.
Visiting America?
Presently, this more recent model Chevrolet Colorado is moving in the foreign marketplaces of Asia, South Usa, Africa and also the Middle East using the first introduction from the vehicle being produced in Thailand however, a brand new contract agreement made between GM and also the United auto workers leader states a good investment of $2.5 billion will funnel into domestic auto plants. One particular plant in Wentzville, Mo., is slated to make a new midsize pickup, which may be this version from the Colorado.
Chevrolet Colorado Chief Engineer Roberto Rempel stated inside a GM pr release “We all know clients of this kind of vehicle desire a workhorse along with a daily-use vehicle all-in-one, so our product needs to deliver. We’ve benchmarked the most difficult, most flexible automobiles all over the world.
Rempel added, “Whenever you mix that approach with this detailed thought on global anticipation, we’re confident the brand new Colorado is a champion.”
Detroit trucks purchasers should not give up hope about having the ability to buy the next-generation Colorado within the U.S., however they should not rely on any sort of particulars being revealed in the near future or placed their bets on the diesel engine.
MI Auto Occasions continues to trace the road from the next-generation Chevrolet Colorado and also to provide updates because they become available.

About the writer

[Source(s): Detroit Free Press, Vehicle, Truck Trend]
2006 Toyota Tacoma PreRunner V6 TRD Start Up, Quick Tour, & Rev – 114K

IS IT ME, OR IS THIS $590,000 CAR JUST PLAIN UGLY? It’s a Nissan Juke-R.  Okay, maybe it’s “cute,” … (instapundit)

IS IT ME, OR IS THIS $590,000 CAR JUST PLAIN UGLY? It’s a Nissan Juke-R.
Okay, maybe it’s “cute,” in a VW Bug-on-steroids sort of way. But personally,
I’d save $400,000 or so and go for the Maserati Granturismo.

instapundit

GSXR Powered VW Bug HotRod

Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln

We would like to think all of our presidents of the United States were truly large men plus to be certain, just handling the awesome responsibility of the presidency takes a special kind of individual.  One of the unique in addition to tremendous objects about the scheme of government in America is the concept of citizen leadership.  This is the idea of an ordinary citizen rising up along with becoming president for a while and then returning to private life.

But of the handful of men who have held that office, a few have stood out for their large achievements as well as leadership in a time that changed the country for ever.  In addition to one of these truly large presidents was Abraham Lincoln.  Probably extra than any other president, Lincoln had to handle an internal civil war that was far more than shouting with name calling.  This was a dispute that could have torn the country in half and starting a rupturing that could have resulted in dozens of small weak independent states instead of the powerful nation we know as America today.

It was Lincoln’s leadership, his commitment to values and his strong moral fiber that made it possible for America to find its way through that war plus then to begin the healing process that would eventually strap the nation back to unity once again.  Lincoln’s term of service from 1860 until his death was one of considerable challenge.  If he only had the problem of dealing as well as the attempt with the south to succeed from the union along with his understanding to keep those states as role of the American national territory, he would be lauded as a super American indeed.

One of the miniature known leadership styles that Lincoln used to his advantage in the arrangement of his presidency was his appointment of talented national figures from opposing political parties to be role of his cabinet.  Lincoln felt that he needed to have close advisors with the opposing viewpoint to keep from having his presidency become insulated through the American human beings along with one sided.  Through the gathering members of the “loyal opposition” into his trusted inner circle, Lincoln was always aware of both sides of every issue which made him a stronger leader.

But that is not even his greatest accomplishment or the one that we remember him for the most.  His bold in addition to unchanging opposition to slavery is without any doubt his greatest contribution to the history of America along with indeed to world history as well.  When he was willing to put everything in the line to stop this barbaric social sin, Lincoln made a stand, against the popular opinion of the time in millions number~hordes~tens of millions~huge number~thousands and thousands} cases that he would be the figure to bring slavery to an end.

It was not a stand that came without cost.  The civil war was one of the bloodiest in addition to costliest in the course of the nation’s history if for no other reason than all casualties; on both sides were casualties of America.  It would take great number~hordes~tens of millions~huge number~thousands and thousands} decades for the ravages of that horrible war to be repaired.  The schism between north with south continued for decades with is notwithstanding a role of our national personality in this country.

But the end result was what Lincoln wanted to be his legacy.  By issuing the Emancipation Proclamation to make the end of slavery permanent, Lincoln followed that up with the passing of the 13th, 14th along with 15th amendments which made permanent the freedoms that were hard fought along with won in the Civil War.

The freedom that was won for so many number~hordes~tens of millions~huge number~thousands and thousands} black Americans in that war permanently enshrined the memory of Abraham Lincoln as one of our greatest presidents usually in the hearts along with minds of all Americans.  Minute wonder the monument honoring him on Washington’s national mall is one of the most revered spots throughout the nation in addition to one that large number~hordes~tens of millions~huge number~thousands and thousands} flock to each year to give respect for this super president that made liberty as well as freedom a reality for all Americans, not just a few.  In addition to his face on Mount Rushmore is well deserved so the very mountain itself shouts out, this is one of the greatest leaders on the history of this super country.

Traveling_with_a_Dog/United_States/Kansas
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Lincoln Assassination Eyewitness (Feb 9, 1956)

Madman Muntz – children desk and chair – playground zoo series Manufacturer   by hi joiney

Early career 1922 1953 Muntz was fascinated by electronics from an early age He built his first radio at age 160 8 and built another for his parents car at age 160 14 During the Great Depression at age 160 15 he dropped out of Elgin High School to work in his parents hardware store in Elgin Illinois Car sales An example of a matchbook ad for Muntz car lots in the 1950s In 1934 Muntz opened his first used car lot in Elgin with a 500 line of credit He was only 20 years old and his mother had to sign the car sale papers because legally he was too young to close his own deals During a vacation in California Muntz discovered that used cars sold there for far higher prices so he moved to California at age 160 26 to open a used car lot in Glendale On a hunch he purchased 13 160 brand new right hand drive vehicles to resell These vehicles had been built for customers in Asia but could not be delivered due to World War II One vehicle was a custom made Lincoln built for Chiang Kai shek Local newspapers ran stories about the unusual cars and Muntz sold them all within two weeks still in their original shipping crates Muntz soon opened a second lot in Los Angeles and closed his lot in Elgin Muntz rejected the then common opinion that used car salesmen should project a staid image He realized the possibilities of generating publicity with odd stunts and developed a Madman persona as a result His flamboyant billboards and oddball television and radio commercials soon made him famous In his used auto commercials he marketed one model as the daily special Muntz claimed that if the car did not sell that day he would smash it to pieces on camera with a sledgehammer Another infamous Muntz used car TV pitch was I buy em retail and sell em wholesale it s more fun that way His commercials generated so much publicity that comedians such as Bob Hope Jack Benny and Steve Allen often tried to outdo each other during television appearances by telling Madman Muntz jokes University of Southern California fans would spell out Muntz s name during halftime as a prank Muntz s car lots became tourist attractions due to the widespread publicity from his television commercial appearances A 1946 survey by Panner Motor Tours revealed that they ranked seventh among tourist attractions in Southern California Muntz was willing to take large risks in his attempts to generate publicity During the era of McCarthyism he asked one of his advisers Do you think I d make the front pages if I joined the Communist Party Muntz Jet Main article Muntz Car Company A mint condition 1953 Muntz Jet at a Monterey California classic car auction In 1948 race car designer and Kurtis Kraft founder Frank Kurtis attempted to market a new sports car the two seater Kurtis Kraft Sport Only 36 160 units had been sold by 1950 In 1951 for just 200 000 Kurtis sold the cars manufacturing license to Muntz who quickly rebadged them as the Muntz Jet Initial production of the Jet took place in Glendale where Muntz extended the two seater Kurtis Kraft Sport s body by 13 160 inches 33 160 cm making it a four seater and exchanged the Ford V8 engine for a larger Cadillac V8 Later after making just 28 160 Jets in California Muntz moved production to a new factory in Evanston Illinois extended the body further by 3 160 inches 8 160 cm and replaced the Cadillac 160 V8 with a less expensive Lincoln sidevalve 160 V8 The Jet was featured on the cover of the September 1951 issue of Popular Science along with a Jaguar and an MG It featured its own design with aluminum body panels and a removable fiberglass top Paint schemes were extravagant with names like Mars Red Stratosphere Blue and Lime Mist and interior options included alligator or Spanish leatherette The backseat armrests contained a full cocktail bar The Jet was capable of a top speed of 125 160 miles per hour 201 160 km h and acceleration of 050 160 mph 080 160 km h in 6 160 seconds a significant achievement for a road car at the time The fastest production car in 1953 was the Pegaso Z 102 Supercharged sports car at 155 160 miles per hour 249 160 km h Famous Jet owners included then CEO of CBS Frank Stanton and actors Mickey Rooney and Lash La Rue The labor and materials required to produce the Jet resulted in a higher price for the end product and in 1954 after selling about 400 160 cars and losing about 1 000 on each Muntz closed the company Today Muntz Jets are highly prized collector cars and are recognized as predecessors to the Chevrolet Corvette and Ford Thunderbird Muntz TV Muntz started plans to sell television receivers in 1946 and sales began in 1947 Muntz played the madman in his unorthodox television commercials but in fact he was a shrewd businessman and a self taught electrical engineer By trial and error taking apart and studying Philco RCA and DuMont televisions he figured out how to reduce the devices electrical components to their minimum functional number This practice became known as Muntzing In the 1940s and 1950s most brands of television receivers were complicated pieces of equipment commonly containing about 30 160 vacuum tubes as well as rheostats transformers and other heavy components As a result they were usually very expensive the cheapest U S manufactured receiver made before World War II used a 3 inch 8 160 cm screen and cost 125 the equivalent of 1 863 in 2007 the cheapest model with a 12 inch 30 160 cm screen cost 445 equivalent to 6 633 in 2007 By 1954 although television had existed in various forms for more than 40 160 years only 55 160 percent of U S households owned a receiver By contrast eight 160 years later 90 160 percent of U S households had one A 1951 Muntz TV model 17A3A Muntz developed a television chassis that produced an acceptable monochrome picture with 17 160 tubes He often carried a pair of wire clippers and when he thought that one of his employees was over engineering a circuit he would begin snipping components out until the picture or sound stopped working At that point he would tell the engineer Well I guess you have to put that last part back in and walk away Marketed under the name Muntz by his company Muntz TV Inc the simplified units were the first black and white TV receivers to retail in the U S for less than 100 Muntz was also the first retailer to measure his screens from corner to corner rather than by width The receivers sold well and were reliable partly because fewer tubes created less heat The sets worked well in metropolitan areas that were close to television transmission towers where signals were strong They worked poorly with weaker signals as most of the components that Muntz had removed were intended to boost performance in fringe areas This was a calculated decision Muntz preferred to leave the low volume high performance television receiver market to firms such as RCA and Zenith Electronics as his intended customers were primarily urban dwellers with limited funds Additionally many urban apartment buildings had rules prohibiting external television aerials and installation of an aerial even if allowed cost as much as 150 Muntz solved this problem by adding a built in aerial to his receivers In 1952 Muntz TV Inc grossed 49 9 160 million Muntz continued with his Madman persona in many of his advertisements In one TV commercial that normally aired after the Ed Sullivan Show Muntz dressed in red long johns and a Napoleon hat promoted his new 14 inch 36 160 cm televisions by saying I wanna give em away but Mrs Muntz won t let me She s crazy Another TV commercial presented a marching band song with lyrics about Muntz TVs and incorporated animations by Oskar Fischinger His radio commercials which Muntz ran up to 170 160 times a day initially followed a classical music theme built around the spelling of Muntz s name However he soon convinced radio stations to run ads more in line with his persona In one advert Muntz screamed Stop staring at your radio He followed up his radio ads with a direct mail campaign collecting thousands of TV knobs and mailing them to prospective customers with a note saying Call us and we ll show up with the rest of the set Some sources credit Muntz with inventing the abbreviation TV Muntz used skywriting as one of his marketing tactics but after watching one of his ads being created he noted that the letters began to blur and dissipate before the pilot could finish spelling out Muntz Televisions So Muntz came up with the abbreviation TV However TV had earlier been used in the call letters of television stations such as WCBS TV which adopted those call letters in 1946 Muntz also named his daughter Tee Vee although she normally went by Teena and later Tee Audio and video 1954 1985 With the advent of color television by the mid 1950s the market for black and white receivers shrank Muntz s creditors refused to provide further financing in 1954 Muntz admitted his business lost 1 457 000 from April to August 1953 and although he tried to reorganize Muntz TV filed bankruptcy and went out of business in 1959 However Muntz s success continued in the sale of cars and general consumer electronics 4 track cartridge Main article Stereo Pak Attempting to combine his two main product lines cars and stereos Muntz invented the Muntz Stereo Pak 4 track tape cartridge 4 track was the direct predecessor of the Stereo 8 cartridge also known as the 8 track later developed by American inventor Bill Lear The Stereo Pak cartridge was based on the endless loop Fidelipac cartridge which was being used by radio stations designed by inventor George Eash Muntz chose stereo recording as a standard feature because of its wide availability Before Muntz developed the Stereo Pak the only in car units capable of recorded playback were gramophone based players such as the Highway Hi Fi invented by Peter Goldmark These units played special 16 2 3 rpm records or 45 rpm records however they tended to skip whenever the vehicle hit a bump in the road and attempts to alleviate this by increasing the pressure on the arm caused discs to wear out prematurely Muntz designed a stereo tape player called the Autostereo for cars and had it inexpensively manufactured in Japan The Autostereo could play a complete album without changing tracks or turning the tape over did not suffer from skipping or premature wear as the gramophone based players did and its number of knobs and controls were minimized to allow the driver to concentrate on the road The tape player gave customers greater control over their listening experiences because the tapes never ran advertisements or public service announcements unlike radio broadcasts Muntz sold the players and cartridges from his own stores and through franchises in Florida and Texas Muntz audio products were so profitable by 1962 that he cancelled his agreements with tape duplicating companies and founded his own company to manufacture prerecorded Stereo Pak cartridges Most record companies did not manufacture Stereo Pak cartridges themselves however the Muntz Electronics Corporation licensed music from all the major record labels and issued hundreds of different tapes in the mid to late 1960s Muntz exhibited his Autostereo players and Stereo Pak cartridges under the trade name Stereo Pak at the 1967 Consumer Electronics Show Muntz Stereo Pak ads tended to feature attractive young models and suggestive tag lines The Autostereo player which retailed from 129 in 1963 was a popular aftermarket addition to cars among the Beverly Hills rich and famous Frank Sinatra used one in his Buick Riviera Dean Martin in his Corvette and Peter Lawford in his Ghia James Garner Red Skelton and Lawrence Welk also used Autostereo players in their cars Barry Goldwater purchased one for his son and Jerry Lewis recorded his scripts onto Stereo Pak cartridges to learn his lines while driving Muntz attempted to establish a modern trendy image for his players and cartridges His print advertisements often showed the player installed in an appealing sports car and usually incorporated a young attractive model with a suggestive tagline Most of his employees in his California shops were attractive young women dressed in overbright clothing Bill Lear distributed the Stereo Pak in 1963 intending to install units in his Learjet aircraft However he soon decided to re engineer and customize the units to suit his own wishes the result of which became the Stereo 160 8 system The market for Muntz s 4 track system had faded by 1970 due to competition from Stereo 8 which reduced costs by using less magnetic tape and a less complex cartridge mechanism Although the 4 track system had higher fidelity since the tape speed was double the speed of the Stereo 160 8 system and the 4 track had wider heads for better bandwidth the Stereo 160 8 quickly became the dominant format for car stereo systems during the late 1960s Ford Motor Company began featuring Stereo 160 8 players in their 1965 automobiles and it became a standard option by 1966 In a 1979 interview in The Videophile newsletter Muntz revealed the biggest problem for the Stereo Pak business was returned merchandise He explained that when reproducing the work of major artists like The Beatles the Stereo Pak plant had to make hundreds of thousands of cartridges But once a popular album became less popular retailers would return the unsold cartridges expecting credit towards new titles Muntz was unprepared for the returns and said the huge cost of unsold merchandise eventually made his Stereo Pak business unprofitable Home video In late 1970 Muntz closed his Stereo Pak audio business after a fire severely damaged his main offices He then entered the growing home video market During the mid 1970s Muntz thought of taking

About the Author

The e-commerce company in China offers quality products such as children desk and chair , playground zoo series Manufacturer, and more. For more , please visit Indoor Playground today!
Buick Riviera 1965 (V8 401ci 6,6L 325cv)

Most Fuel-Efficient Vehicles of 2011   by Robert Boroff

The cost of owning a vehicle gets more expensive everyday. With the rising cost of gas prices and the summer months approaching, many people are weighing their options in regards to what type of transportation would be most cost-efficient as well as comfortable. Many people are turning towards purchasing small cars and SUVs. Hybrid vehicles are also making their mark on the car lots.
Although they are much more expensive to initially buy than a non-hybrid car, hybrids can save people money in the long run (depending on how long a person wants to keep their vehicle). Some studies are showing that in order to make purchasing a hybrid vehicle financially worth it, gas will first have to hit $7.00 per gallon or higher. As The Wall Street Journal reported,

Pickup Trucks Revolution Multi Task Vehicles   by Christopher Dickens

Pickup trucks are called so, because they have a separate compartment that is used to carry load. It was built because the common people could not afford luxury vehicles. These vehicles were designed in such a way, that it could be used for heavy workload as well as carry passengers. It became increasingly popular with farmers and other agriculture entrepreneurs.

These trucks have a separate passenger cabin, because it is easier to carry the load otherwise, and they can also seat about three passengers. The pickup trucks are mostly designed for small to medium use. All the largest and most reputed vehicle dealers are now largely into building these vehicles. They include Toyota, Mazda, Ford, Chevrolet and Cadillac.

These trucks designed to be used in harsh terrain, as they are mostly used to pick up load. These vehicles are very popular in America, and they are also very popular in other countries such as Australia and even some Asian countries. These vehicles, which are built today, are extremely sophisticated and also very classy to drive.

They have come a very long way since its first design. Pickup trucks are popular in America, because they are similar to horse driven carriages. These types of trucks are also seen in military camps, where they are used to transporting a large number of people. Sometimes these vehicles are also used for fighting where they mount machine guns in the back bed.

In some countries, these are even popular and are used as racing vehicles. This is probably because of the way it has been built. It is popular in Brazil, Australia and sometimes United Kingdom. It can also be used for camping. This provides the campers a very interesting way to camp, as the space in the back provides good space to make it a living space.

While it is mostly used to transport load, because of the modern way it is built today, a lot of people use them for personal uses. In America, the pickup trucks are very commonly used to pick up fire chiefs. It serves the purpose greatly. The colors will also be the same of the fire department, and of course they will use sirens to denote that they belong to the same.

It is also to be noted, and everyone must know that pickup trucks are commonly used with the police in the United States. These vehicles help them travel over necessary terrain, where the other vehicles may be difficult to travel. In Mexico too, these trucks are used through the police department. Because of the various purposes it serves, it is known as a multi task vehicle.

If you want to buy a good pickup truck from Isuzu, it is not even difficult. Their site has all the necessary details about the models. This will also give you an opportunity to look through the pictures of all the latest models in town. You could also request a brochure from the company when you want to decide about which one you want to buy.

About the Author

Build your Isuzu SUV http://www.isuzu.com or pickup
truck, request a quote, locate a dealer. Find more about Multi Task Vehicles http://www.isuzu.com and extended cab http://www.isuzu.com/i290.jsp.

Kings of Leon-Pick Up Truck

Saab 9-3 Convertible Defines “Extremely Cool”   by Lauren Woods

The ICEHOTEL in Sweden is known all around the world for its coolness. The temporary hotel is made completely out of what else but ice. It is located near the village of Jukkasjärvi, Kiruna in Northern Sweden. This is where Saab will hold their Saab Ice Experience as part of the car manufacturer’s celebration of their 60th year in the automotive business. One of the highlights of the event is the Saab 9-3 Convertible which is selected to be encased and showed off in an ice garage. The convertible will be ice-bound until the end of the event which will be on the 16th of March this year.

The Saab 9-3 Convertible is in itself cool enough even without the ice surrounding it. Saab has engineered this open-top engineering marvel to provide its drivers a sense of luxury. The performance of the convertible is also one of the finest in the industry. Its safety is also one of a kind. The over all value of this car in terms of “coolness” is just as cool as the ice built around it, and maybe as cold as the air gets when entering an engine through an Isuzu cold air intake system.

Saab chose the 9-3 convertible as one of their main attractions because of their commitment to the development and use of alternative fuels as well as paying homage to their culture and lifestyle. According to Marie Larsson, the Saab Event Project Manager, “Snow and ice are core elements of Scandinavian nature, so it was a very natural step for us to adopt this theme for our Convertible, the original car for all seasons. Sweden also has a strong tradition for environmental care. For example, the ice used to build this hotel is a renewable source that is recycled each year when it melts and returns to the river. In a similar way, our Saab BioPower engines are able to run on bio-ethanol, a renewable fuel with a greatly reduced CO2 impact.”

The Saab 9-3 is encased in an ice garage made out of 60 ice blocks. The garage in itself weighs approximately 30 tons. All of this ice comes from one of Europe’s purest rivers, the River Torne. The estimated 500 people that will attend the Saab Ice Experience will get the chance not only to marvel at the 9-3 Convertible encased in ice but also marvel at the intricacy and the wonderfully built ice hotel. The car, by the way, is reported to be visible from as far as a kilometer away. The blue paint of the convertible shines through the ice and gives a whole new meaning to the term Northern Lights.

The ICEHOTEL started when a batch of Japanese ice artists visited the area where the hotel is built every year and created an exhibition of ice art. The following year, Janot Derid, a French artist also held an exhibition in an igloo in the same area – the exhibition hall is where some of the visitors spend their nights when visiting the place. They were the first “guests” of the hotel. From then on, the idea of creating a hotel made out of snow took off and the infrastructures were then featured on magazines, newspapers, television, and other media. This made the ice hotel very famous and has since received a lot of visitors every year. Saab’s choice of the venue for their Saab Ice Experience cannot be more fitting.

The entire hotel is made out of snow and ice, even the glasses used on the bar is made from ice. The hotel has 80 rooms for their guests, has a bar, a reception area full of ice sculptures, and a chapel.

About the Author

Given her background on cars as an auto insurance director, Lauren Woods finds the world of cars to be constantly changing.
Top Gear Saab Tribute.mkv

2007 Chicago Auto Show at McCormick Place   by Natalie Anderson

The 2007 Chicago Auto Show will takes place on February 9 to 18 at the recently renovated McCormick Place in downtown Chicago. Official bulletins from the show floor will be released once the restricted preview for the media begins on Wednesday, February 7.

Twenty different vehicles are scheduled to be unveiled at the 2007 Chicago Auto Show. The vehicles that are to debut at the said auto show will be production cars and not concepts. Nevertheless, most of the concept cars that have been previously presented at the recent auto shows like the 2007 Detroit Auto Show and 2007 Los Angeles Auto Show respectively will also be included.

It is expected that about a million visitors will take part during the 10 days duration of the show. The McCormick Place, the venue of the auto show measures 1.3 million square feet enough to provide the participating automakers with ample display room for their model lines. Jeep’s now famous indoor test track will also feature a slippery winter hill climb. The show is also promoting attendance by staging the world’s largest game of “Simon says” on Friday, February 9, in an effort to get an entry in the Guinness Book of World Records.

Another highlight of the show is the introduction of some interesting vehicles which includes:

2007 BMW Alpina B7: BMW’s introduction of the Alpina nameplate to the U.S. begins with this supercharged special edition of the BMW 7 Series sedan.

2007 Porsche 911 GT3 RS: This is the special, lightweight version of the high-performance GT3, a limited-production homologation special for Porsche’s 911 racing car.

Nissan: Some bodywork revisions for Nissan’s big trucks — including the Titan pickup, Armada sport-utility and Pathfinder sport-utility — will be revealed.

2008 Saturn Astra: The Astra is the newest Saturn, a replacement for the slow-selling Ion. A derivative of the Opel Astra, this German-designed hatchback continues Saturn’s move toward adopting a new European-style identity.

2008 Scion xB and 2008 Scion xD: Scion has announced the introduction of its replacements for the innovative xB box-on-wheels and the frequently overlooked xA hatchback sedan.

2008 Pontiac G8: General Motors have reworked the Holden platform from Australia and we expect a full-size, rear-wheel-drive car for the Pontiac lineup.

2008 Volkswagen R32: Sold here from 2003-’05, the all-wheel-drive version of the GTI returns with an autobahn-tuned chassis and a luxurious interior. And since it’s built by Volkswagen, buyers are guaranteed that it is equipped with only the best quality auto parts like its Volkswagen control arm.

For interested individuals who want to get an early look at the show floor, the Chicago Auto Show hosts and evening gala on Thursday, February 8. Tickets for “First Look for Charity” cost $200 plus tuxedo rentals can also be arranged. Due to the large number of visitors expected at the auto show, parking at McCormick Place may prove to be an issue. Visitors are advised to park at either King Drive Lot A or the lot at the Hyatt Hotel.

About the Author

Growing up with three brothers, Natalie Anderson became exposed early to the world of automobiles. This 29-year-old account manager now dreams of having her very own top-of-the-line vintage car.
How much would it cost to turbocharge a 2008 scion tc?

I wanna know how much it would cost to turbocharge my scion.

Depending on what turbo kit you go with. The 2008 tC has a perfect compression ratio for a turbo. Various kits are priced around $4-5K, each coming with its own tune, with preset boost levels from 6-9 psi. Then add a couple bucks to the $4-5K price for a good set of gauges to monitor psi, air/fuel ratio, and oil pressure. But as long as you maintain it properly you shouldnt have any problems, of course your oil changes will be more freequent, depending on how hard you push it. Gas mileage may drop a little, but if you’re constantly driving at 2700-3000 rpms, well you’re not in the boost range, so your as mileage may stay the same. Check the links for different kits, and options.